( April 2, 2026, 1:18 PM EDT) -- OAKLAND, Calif. — Resolving a standard of review disagreement by applying the federal choice-of-law rule, a California federal judge determined that “Massachusetts law applies and . . . California’s prohibition on discretionary clauses does not” so he will assess the denial of the plaintiff’s claim for long-term disability (LTD) benefits for abuse of discretion rather than de novo....